php strftime函数的详细用法

定义和用法

strftime() 函数根据区域设置格式化本地时间／日期。

语法

strftime(format,timestamp)参数 描述 format 可选。规定如何返回结果。 timestamp 可选。 提示和注释提示：与 gmstrftime() 的行为相同，不同的是返回时间是本地时间。

例子

输出 strftime() 和 gmstrftime() 的结果：

<?php教程echo(strftime("%b %d %Y %X", mktime(20,0,0,12,31,98)));echo(gmstrftime("%b %d %Y %X", mktime(20,0,0,12,31,98)));//输出当前日期、时间和时区echo(gmstrftime("It is %a on %b %d, %Y, %X time zone: %Z",time()));?>

strftime()函数可以把YYYY-MM-DD HH:MM:SS格式的日期字符串转换成其它形式的字符串。strftime()的语法是strftime(格式, 日期/时间, 修正符, 修正符, ...)

它可以用以下的符号对日期和时间进行格式化：

这个参数的最大长度是 1023 个字符。

Warning尽管 ISO 9889:1999（当前的 C 标准）明确指出一周从星期一开始，但是 Sun Solaris 的一周似乎从星期天开始并作为 1。所以 %u 的结果也许不会和手册里描述得一样。

Warning仅针对 Windows：这个函数里 %e 修饰符修饰符还不能支持 Windows。 为了得到这个值可以用 %#d 修饰符来代替。下例说明了如何写一个跨平台支持的函数。

Warning仅针对 Mac OS X：这个函数里 %P 修饰符还不能支持 Mac OS X。

timestamp可选的 timestamp 参数是一个 integer 的 Unix 时间戳，如未指定，参数值默认为当前本地时间。也就是说，其值默认为 time() 的返回值。

strftime()的用法举例如下：

select strftime("%Y.%m.%d %H:%M:%S","now","localtime");结果：2018.06.21 21:41:09其实更好的用法是这样的,比如统,本月或本年的支出:select strftime("%Y-%m",日期) as 月份,sum(支出) as 月支出 from 流水帐 group by 月份;

Example #1 strftime() locale examples

<?phpsetlocale(LC_TIME, "C");echo strftime("%A");setlocale(LC_TIME, "fi_FI");echo strftime(" in Finnish is %A,");setlocale(LC_TIME, "fr_FR");echo strftime(" in French %A and");setlocale(LC_TIME, "de_DE");echo strftime(" in German %A.");?>

Example #2 ISO 8601:1988 week number example

<?php/*   December 2002 / January 2003ISOWk M  Tu W  Thu F  Sa Su----- ----------------------------51   16 17 18 19 20 21 2252   23 24 25 26 27 28 291   30 31  1  2  3  4  52    6  7  8  9 10 11 123   13 14 15 16 17 18 19  */// Outputs: 12/28/2002 - %V,%G,%Y = 52,2002,2002echo "12/28/2002 - %V,%G,%Y = " . strftime("%V,%G,%Y", strtotime("12/28/2002")) . "";// Outputs: 12/30/2002 - %V,%G,%Y = 1,2003,2002echo "12/30/2002 - %V,%G,%Y = " . strftime("%V,%G,%Y", strtotime("12/30/2002")) . "";// Outputs: 1/3/2003 - %V,%G,%Y = 1,2003,2003echo "1/3/2003 - %V,%G,%Y = " . strftime("%V,%G,%Y",strtotime("1/3/2003")) . "";// Outputs: 1/10/2003 - %V,%G,%Y = 2,2003,2003echo "1/10/2003 - %V,%G,%Y = " . strftime("%V,%G,%Y",strtotime("1/10/2003")) . "";/*   December 2004 / January 2005ISOWk M  Tu W  Thu F  Sa Su----- ----------------------------51   13 14 15 16 17 18 1952   20 21 22 23 24 25 2653   27 28 29 30 31  1  21    3  4  5  6  7  8  92   10 11 12 13 14 15 16  */// Outputs: 12/23/2004 - %V,%G,%Y = 52,2004,2004echo "12/23/2004 - %V,%G,%Y = " . strftime("%V,%G,%Y",strtotime("12/23/2004")) . "";// Outputs: 12/31/2004 - %V,%G,%Y = 53,2004,2004echo "12/31/2004 - %V,%G,%Y = " . strftime("%V,%G,%Y",strtotime("12/31/2004")) . "";// Outputs: 1/2/2005 - %V,%G,%Y = 53,2004,2005echo "1/2/2005 - %V,%G,%Y = " . strftime("%V,%G,%Y",strtotime("1/2/2005")) . "";// Outputs: 1/3/2005 - %V,%G,%Y = 1,2005,2005echo "1/3/2005 - %V,%G,%Y = " . strftime("%V,%G,%Y",strtotime("1/3/2005")) . "";?>

Example #3 Cross platform compatible example using the %e modifier

<?php// Jan 1: results in: "%e%1%" (%%, e, %%, %e, %%)$format = "%%e%%%e%%";// Check for Windows to find and replace the %e // modifier correctlyif (strtoupper(substr(PHP_OS, 0, 3)) == "WIN") {  $format = preg_replace("#(?<!%)((?:%%)*)%e#", "1%#d", $format);}echo strftime($format);?>

Example #4 Display all known and unknown formats.

<?php// Describe the formats.$strftimeFormats = array(  "A" => "A full textual representation of the day",  "B" => "Full month name, based on the locale",  "C" => "Two digit representation of the century (year divided by 100, truncated to an integer)",  "D" => "Same as "%m/%d/%y"",  "E" => "",  "F" => "Same as "%Y-%m-%d"",  "G" => "The full four-digit version of %g",  "H" => "Two digit representation of the hour in 24-hour format",  "I" => "Two digit representation of the hour in 12-hour format",  "J" => "",  "K" => "",  "L" => "",  "M" => "Two digit representation of the minute",  "N" => "",  "O" => "",  "P" => "lower-case "am" or "pm" based on the given time",  "Q" => "",  "R" => "Same as "%H:%M"",  "S" => "Two digit representation of the second",  "T" => "Same as "%H:%M:%S"",  "U" => "Week number of the given year, starting with the first Sunday as the first week",  "V" => "ISO-8601:1988 week number of the given year, starting with the first week of the year with at least 4 weekdays, with Monday being the start of the week",  "W" => "A numeric representation of the week of the year, starting with the first Monday as the first week",  "X" => "Preferred time representation based on locale, without the date",  "Y" => "Four digit representation for the year",  "Z" => "The time zone offset/abbreviation option NOT given by %z (depends on operating system)",  "a" => "An abbreviated textual representation of the day",  "b" => "Abbreviated month name, based on the locale",  "c" => "Preferred date and time stamp based on local",  "d" => "Two-digit day of the month (with leading zeros)",  "e" => "Day of the month, with a space preceding single digits",  "f" => "",  "g" => "Two digit representation of the year going by ISO-8601:1988 standards (see %V)",  "h" => "Abbreviated month name, based on the locale (an alias of %b)",  "i" => "",  "j" => "Day of the year, 3 digits with leading zeros",  "k" => "Hour in 24-hour format, with a space preceding single digits",  "l" => "Hour in 12-hour format, with a space preceding single digits",  "m" => "Two digit representation of the month",  "n" => "A newline character ("")",  "o" => "",  "p" => "UPPER-CASE "AM" or "PM" based on the given time",  "q" => "",  "r" => "Same as "%I:%M:%S %p"",  "s" => "Unix Epoch Time timestamp",  "t" => "A Tab character ("	")",  "u" => "ISO-8601 numeric representation of the day of the week",  "v" => "",  "w" => "Numeric representation of the day of the week",  "x" => "Preferred date representation based on locale, without the time",  "y" => "Two digit representation of the year",  "z" => "Either the time zone offset from UTC or the abbreviation (depends on operating system)",  "%" => "A literal percentage character ("%")",);// Results.$strftimeValues = array();// Evaluate the formats whilst suppressing any errors.foreach($strftimeFormats as $format => $description){  if (False !== ($value = @strftime("%{$format}"))){    $strftimeValues[$format] = $value;  }}// Find the longest value.$maxValueLength = 2 + max(array_map("strlen", $strftimeValues));// Report known formats.foreach($strftimeValues as $format => $value){  echo "Known format  : "{$format}" = ", str_pad(""{$value}"", $maxValueLength), " ( {$strftimeFormats[$format]} )";}// Report unknown formats.foreach(array_diff_key($strftimeFormats, $strftimeValues) as $format => $description){  echo "Unknown format : "{$format}"  ", str_pad(" ", $maxValueLength), ($description ? " ( {$description} )" : ""), "";}?>

下面是其他网友的补充

php strftime()的使用

string strftime ( string format[,inttimestamp = time() ] )

返回用给定的格式字串对给出的 timestamp 进行格式输出后的字符串。如果没有给出时间戳则用当前的本地时间。

Example1:

<?phpecho "本年中的第·" . strftime("%W", strtotime("+2 week midnight -0 second")) . "·周";?>

本年中的第·31·周

Example2:

<?phpecho "現在時間是：" . strftime("%d.%B %Y %H:%M:%S", time());?>

現在時間是：20.July 2015 17:01:26

Example3:

<?phpecho "日期時間格式化為:" . strftime("%d.%B %Y %H:%M:%S", strtotime("2018-10-15"));?>

日期時間格式化為:15.October 2018 00:00:00