抽屉效果的导航菜单看了很多应用,觉得这种侧滑的抽屉效果的菜单很好。

不用切换到另一个页面,也不用去按菜单的硬件按钮,直接在界面上一个按钮点击,菜单就滑出来,而且感觉能放很多东西。库的引用:首先, DrawerLayout这个类是在Support Library里的,需要加上android-support-v4.jar这个包。

然后程序中用时在前面导入import android.support.v4.widget.DrawerLayout;

如果找不到这个类,首先用SDK Manager更新一下Android Support Library,然后在Android SDKextrasandroidsupportv4路径下找到android-support-v4.jar,复制到项目的libs路径,将其Add to Build Path.

代码1布局:

<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"  xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"  android:layout_width="match_parent"  android:layout_height="match_parent" >  <android.support.v4.widget.DrawerLayout    xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"    android:id="@+id/drawer_layout"    android:layout_width="match_parent"    android:layout_height="match_parent" >    <!-- The main content view -->    <!-- main content must be the first element of DrawerLayout because it will be drawn first and drawer must be on top of it -->    <FrameLayout      android:id="@+id/content_frame"      android:layout_width="match_parent"      android:layout_height="match_parent" />    <!-- The navigation drawer -->    <ListView      android:id="@+id/left_drawer"      android:layout_width="240dp"      android:layout_height="match_parent"      android:layout_gravity="left"      android:background="#111"      android:choiceMode="singleChoice"      android:divider="@android:color/transparent"      android:dividerHeight="0dp" />  </android.support.v4.widget.DrawerLayout></RelativeLayout> 

  DrawerLayout的第一个子元素是主要内容,即抽屉没有打开时显示的布局。这里采用了一个FrameLayout,里面什么也没放。

  DrawerLayout的第二个子元素是抽屉中的内容,即抽屉布局,这里采用了一个ListView。

主要的Activity(从官方实例中扒出来的):

package com.example.hellodrawer;import android.os.Bundle;import android.app.Activity;import android.content.res.Configuration;import android.view.MenuItem;import android.view.View;import android.widget.AdapterView;import android.widget.AdapterView.OnItemClickListener;import android.widget.ArrayAdapter;import android.widget.ListView;import android.support.v4.app.ActionBarDrawerToggle;import android.support.v4.view.GravityCompat;import android.support.v4.widget.DrawerLayout;public class HelloDrawerActivity extends Activity{  private String[] mPlanetTitles;  private DrawerLayout mDrawerLayout;  private ActionBarDrawerToggle mDrawerToggle;  private ListView mDrawerList;  @Override  public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState)  {    super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);    setContentView(R.layout.activity_hello_drawer);    mDrawerLayout = (DrawerLayout) findViewById(R.id.drawer_layout);    // init the ListView and Adapter, nothing new    initListView();    // set a custom shadow that overlays the main content when the drawer    // opens    mDrawerLayout.setDrawerShadow(R.drawable.drawer_shadow,        GravityCompat.START);    mDrawerToggle = new ActionBarDrawerToggle(this, mDrawerLayout,        R.drawable.ic_drawer, R.string.drawer_open,        R.string.drawer_close)    {      /** Called when a drawer has settled in a completely closed state. */      public void onDrawerClosed(View view)      {        invalidateOptionsMenu(); // creates call to                      // onPrepareOptionsMenu()      }      /** Called when a drawer has settled in a completely open state. */      public void onDrawerOpened(View drawerView)      {        invalidateOptionsMenu(); // creates call to                      // onPrepareOptionsMenu()      }    };    // Set the drawer toggle as the DrawerListener    mDrawerLayout.setDrawerListener(mDrawerToggle);    // enable ActionBar app icon to behave as action to toggle nav drawer    getActionBar().setDisplayHomeAsUpEnabled(true);    // getActionBar().setHomeButtonEnabled(true);    // Note: getActionBar() Added in API level 11  }  private void initListView()  {    mDrawerList = (ListView) findViewById(R.id.left_drawer);    mPlanetTitles = getResources().getStringArray(R.array.planets_array);    // Set the adapter for the list view    mDrawerList.setAdapter(new ArrayAdapter<String>(this,        R.layout.list_item, mPlanetTitles));    // Set the list"s click listener    mDrawerList.setOnItemClickListener(new OnItemClickListener()    {      @Override      public void onItemClick(AdapterView<?> parent, View view,          int position, long id)      {        // Highlight the selected item, update the title, and close the        // drawer        mDrawerList.setItemChecked(position, true);        setTitle(mPlanetTitles[position]);        mDrawerLayout.closeDrawer(mDrawerList);      }    });  }  @Override  protected void onPostCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState)  {    super.onPostCreate(savedInstanceState);    // Sync the toggle state after onRestoreInstanceState has occurred.    mDrawerToggle.syncState();  }  @Override  public void onConfigurationChanged(Configuration newConfig)  {    super.onConfigurationChanged(newConfig);    mDrawerToggle.onConfigurationChanged(newConfig);  }  @Override  public boolean onOptionsItemSelected(MenuItem item)  {    // Pass the event to ActionBarDrawerToggle, if it returns    // true, then it has handled the app icon touch event    if (mDrawerToggle.onOptionsItemSelected(item))    {      return true;    }    // Handle your other action bar items...    return super.onOptionsItemSelected(item);  }}

比较纠结的是用了Level 11的一个API,这样minSdkVersion就有限制,不能太低。

图片资源Android官网示例处提供下载了。

程序运行后效果如下:抽屉打开前:

抽屉打开后:

代码2今天又看了一下DrawerLayout的类,发现有很多方法可以直接用的。

重新试了一下,其实不用上面那么麻烦,随便自己定义一个按钮控制抽屉的打开就行:

布局:

<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"  xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"  android:layout_width="match_parent"  android:layout_height="match_parent"  android:paddingBottom="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin"  android:paddingLeft="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"  android:paddingRight="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"  android:paddingTop="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin"  tools:context=".DrawerActivity" >  <android.support.v4.widget.DrawerLayout    android:id="@+id/drawer_layout"    android:layout_width="match_parent"    android:layout_height="match_parent" >    <!-- The main content view -->    <FrameLayout      android:id="@+id/content_frame"      android:layout_width="match_parent"      android:layout_height="match_parent" >      <Button        android:id="@+id/btn"        android:layout_width="match_parent"        android:layout_height="wrap_content"        android:text="open"         />    </FrameLayout>    <!-- The navigation drawer -->    <ListView      android:id="@+id/left_drawer"      android:layout_width="240dp"      android:layout_height="match_parent"      android:layout_gravity="start"      android:background="#111"      android:choiceMode="singleChoice"      android:divider="@android:color/transparent"      android:dividerHeight="0dp" />  </android.support.v4.widget.DrawerLayout></RelativeLayout>

 主要代码:

package com.example.hellodrawer;import android.os.Bundle;import android.app.Activity;import android.support.v4.widget.DrawerLayout;import android.view.Gravity;import android.view.View;import android.view.View.OnClickListener;import android.widget.Button;public class DrawerActivity extends Activity{  private DrawerLayout mDrawerLayout = null;  @Override  protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState)  {    super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);    setContentView(R.layout.activity_drawer);    mDrawerLayout = (DrawerLayout) findViewById(R.id.drawer_layout);    Button button = (Button) findViewById(R.id.btn);    button.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener()    {      @Override      public void onClick(View v)      {        // 按钮按下,将抽屉打开        mDrawerLayout.openDrawer(Gravity.LEFT);      }    });  }}

使用Toolbar + DrawerLayout快速实现高大上菜单侧滑如果你有在关注一些遵循最新的Material Design设计规范的应用的话(如果没有,假设你有!),也许会发现有很多使用了看起来很舒服、很高大上的侧滑菜单动画效果,示例如下(via 参考2):

今天就来使用官方支持库来快速实现这类效果,需要使用到Toolbar和DrawerLayout,详细步骤如下:(如果你还不知道这两个Widget,先自己Google吧~)首先需要添加appcompat-v7支持:

如果是在Android Studio 1.0 RC4上创建的项目,默认已经添加了appcompat-v7支持了,如果不是最新版AS则需要在build.gradle中添加如下代码:

dependencies {  ...//其他代码  compile "com.android.support:appcompat-v7:21.0.2"}

添加完成后需要同步一下gradle

添加Toolbar:

由于Toolbar是继承自View,所以可以像其他标准控件一样直接主布局文件添加Toolbar,但是为了提高Toolbar的重用效率,可以在layout创建一个custom_toolbar.xml代码如下:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>  <android.support.v7.widget.Toolbar xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"    xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"    android:id="@+id/tl_custom"    android:layout_width="match_parent"    android:layout_height="wrap_content"    android:background="?attr/colorPrimary"    android:minHeight="?attr/actionBarSize"    android:popupTheme="@style/ThemeOverlay.AppCompat.Light"    app:theme="@style/ThemeOverlay.AppCompat.ActionBar"></android.support.v7.widget.Toolbar>

说明:

android.support.v7.widget.Toolbar - 当然如果只在Lollipop中可以直接使用Toolbar而不需要加上v7支持xmlns:app - 自定义xml命名控件,在AS中可以直接指定res-auto而不需要使用完整包名android:background 和 android:minHeight 均可以在styles.xml中声明添加DrawerLayout:

和Toolbar类似,为了提高代码重用效率,可以在layout中创建一个custom_drawerlayout.xml代码如下:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>  <android.support.v4.widget.DrawerLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"    android:id="@+id/dl_left"    android:layout_width="match_parent"    android:layout_height="match_parent">  <!--主布局-->  <LinearLayout    android:layout_width="match_parent"    android:layout_height="match_parent">    <ImageView      android:id="@+id/iv_main"      android:layout_width="100dp"      android:layout_height="100dp" />  </LinearLayout>  <!--侧滑菜单-->  <LinearLayout    android:layout_width="match_parent"    android:layout_height="match_parent"    android:background="#fff"    android:layout_gravity="start">    <ListView      android:id="@+id/lv_left_menu"      android:layout_width="match_parent"      android:layout_height="match_parent"      android:divider="@null"      android:text="DrawerLayout" />  </LinearLayout></android.support.v4.widget.DrawerLayout>

Drawerlayout标签中有两个子节点,一个是左边菜单,一个是主布局,另外需要在左边菜单起始位置设置为android:layout_gravity="start"

实现activity_main.xml:

<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"  xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"  android:layout_width="match_parent"  android:layout_height="match_parent"  android:orientation="vertical"  tools:context=".MainActivity">    <!--Toolbar-->    <include layout="@layout/custom_toolbar" />    <!--DrawerLayout-->    <include layout="@layout/custom_drawerlayout" /></LinearLayout>

直接使用include标签,简洁明了

完善Java代码:

public class MainActivity extends ActionBarActivity {  //声明相关变量  private Toolbar toolbar;  private DrawerLayout mDrawerLayout;  private ActionBarDrawerToggle mDrawerToggle;  private ListView lvLeftMenu;  private String[] lvs = {"List Item 01", "List Item 02", "List Item 03", "List Item 04"};  private ArrayAdapter arrayAdapter;  private ImageView ivRunningMan;  private AnimationDrawable mAnimationDrawable;  @Override  protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {    super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);    setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);    findViews(); //获取控件    //京东RunningMan动画效果,和本次Toolbar无关    mAnimationDrawable = (AnimationDrawable) ivRunningMan.getBackground();    mAnimationDrawable.start();    toolbar.setTitle("Toolbar");//设置Toolbar标题    toolbar.setTitleTextColor(Color.parseColor("#ffffff")); //设置标题颜色    setSupportActionBar(toolbar);    getSupportActionBar().setHomeButtonEnabled(true); //设置返回键可用    getSupportActionBar().setDisplayHomeAsUpEnabled(true);    //创建返回键,并实现打开关/闭监听    mDrawerToggle = new ActionBarDrawerToggle(this, mDrawerLayout, toolbar, R.string.open, R.string.close) {      @Override      public void onDrawerOpened(View drawerView) {        super.onDrawerOpened(drawerView);        mAnimationDrawable.stop();      }      @Override      public void onDrawerClosed(View drawerView) {        super.onDrawerClosed(drawerView);        mAnimationDrawable.start();      }    };    mDrawerToggle.syncState();    mDrawerLayout.setDrawerListener(mDrawerToggle);    //设置菜单列表    arrayAdapter = new ArrayAdapter(this, android.R.layout.simple_list_item_1, lvs);    lvLeftMenu.setAdapter(arrayAdapter);  }  private void findViews() {    ivRunningMan = (ImageView) findViewById(R.id.iv_main);    toolbar = (Toolbar) findViewById(R.id.tl_custom);    mDrawerLayout = (DrawerLayout) findViewById(R.id.dl_left);    lvLeftMenu = (ListView) findViewById(R.id.lv_left_menu);  }}

当然比较重要还有styles.xml和colors.xml,具体如下: 

<resources>  <style name="AppTheme" parent="Theme.AppCompat.Light.NoActionBar">    <!--状态栏颜色-->    <item name="colorPrimaryDark">@color/Indigo_colorPrimaryDark</item>    <!--Toolbar颜色-->    <item name="colorPrimary">@color/Indigo_colorPrimary</item>    <!--返回键样式-->    <item name="drawerArrowStyle">@style/AppTheme.DrawerArrowToggle</item>    </style>    <style name="AppTheme.DrawerArrowToggle" parent="Base.Widget.AppCompat.DrawerArrowToggle">    <item name="color">@android:color/white</item>  </style></resources><?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?><resources>  <color name="Indigo_colorPrimaryDark">#303f9f</color>  <color name="Indigo_colorPrimary">#3f51b5</color>  <color name="Indigo_nav_color">#4675FF</color></resources>

到此就实现了高大上菜单侧滑,最终效果如下(注:在Yosemite上貌似直接Record手机屏幕貌似不起作用,而且动画由于帧率原因无法实时,就先这样看吧~)