YII Framework框架使用YIIC快速创建YII应用之migrate用法实例详解

本文实例讲述了YII Framework框架使用YIIC快速创建YII应用之migrate用法。分享给大家供大家参考，具体如下：

yii migrate

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/*/www/yii_dev/yii/framework# php yiic migrate helpError: Unknown action: helpUSAGE yiic migrate [action] [parameter]DESCRIPTION This command provides support for database migrations. The optional "action" parameter specifies which specific migration task to perform. It can take these values: up, down, to, create, history, new, mark. If the "action" parameter is not given, it defaults to "up". Each action takes different parameters. Their usage can be found in the following examples.EXAMPLES* yiic migrateApplies ALL new migrations. This is equivalent to "yiic migrate to".* yiic migrate create create_user_tableCreates a new migration named "create_user_table".* yiic migrate up 3Applies the next 3 new migrations.* yiic migrate downReverts the last applied migration.* yiic migrate down 3Reverts the last 3 applied migrations.* yiic migrate to 101129_185401Migrates up or down to version 101129_185401.* yiic migrate mark 101129_185401Modifies the migration history up or down to version 101129_185401.No actual migration will be performed.* yiic migrate historyShows all previously applied migration information.* yiic migrate history 10Shows the last 10 applied migrations.* yiic migrate newShows all new migrations.* yiic migrate new 10Shows the next 10 migrations that have not been applied.*/

在我们开发程序的过程中，数据库的结构也是不断调整的。我们的开发中要保证代码和数据库库的同步。因为我们的应用离不开数据库。例如: 在开发过程中，我们经常需要增加一个新的表，或者我们后期投入运营的产品，可能需要为某一列添加索引。我们必须保持数据结构和代码的一致性。如果代码和数据库不同步，可能整个系统将无法正常运行。出于这个原因。yii提供了一个数据库迁移工具，可以保持代码和数据库是同步。方便数据库的回滚和更新。

功能正如描述。主要提供了数据库迁移功能。

命令格式

yiic migrate [action] [parameter]

action参数用来制定执行哪一个迁移任务。可以一使用

up, down, to, create, history, new, mark.这些命令

如果没有action参数，默认为up

parameter根据action的不同而有所变化。

上述例子中给出了说明。

官方也给出了详细的例子。

http://www.yiiframework.com/doc/guide/1.1/zh_cn/database.migration#creating-migrations

这里不再详细累述。用到的时候参考使用就可以了。

补充：yii2.0使用migrate创建后台登陆

重新创建一张数据表来完成后台登陆验证

为了大家看得明白，直接贴代码

一、使用Migration创建表admin

consolemigrationsm130524_201442_init.php

use yiidbSchema;use yiidbMigration;class m130524_201442_init extends Migration{  const TBL_NAME = "{{%admin}}";  public function safeUp()  {    $tableOptions = null;    if ($this->db->driverName === "mysql") {      // http://stackoverflow.com/questions/766809/whats-the-difference-between-utf8-general-ci-and-utf8-unicode-ci      $tableOptions = "CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_unicode_ci ENGINE=InnoDB";    }    $this->createTable(self::TBL_NAME, [      "id" => Schema::TYPE_PK,      "username" => Schema::TYPE_STRING . " NOT NULL",      "auth_key" => Schema::TYPE_STRING . "(32) NOT NULL",      "password_hash" => Schema::TYPE_STRING . " NOT NULL", //密码      "password_reset_token" => Schema::TYPE_STRING,      "email" => Schema::TYPE_STRING . " NOT NULL",      "role" => Schema::TYPE_SMALLINT . " NOT NULL DEFAULT 10",      "status" => Schema::TYPE_SMALLINT . " NOT NULL DEFAULT 10",      "created_at" => Schema::TYPE_INTEGER . " NOT NULL",      "updated_at" => Schema::TYPE_INTEGER . " NOT NULL",    ], $tableOptions);    $this->createIndex("username", self::TBL_NAME, ["username"],true);    $this->createIndex("email", self::TBL_NAME, ["email"],true);  }  public function safeDown()  {    $this->dropTable(self::TBL_NAME);  }}

使用命令行来创建admin数据库

1、win7下使用命令：

在项目根目下，右键选择User composer here(前提是安装了全局的composer)，yii migrate

即创建数据表 admin成功

2、linux下命令一样（此处略）

二、使用gii创建模型

此处略，很简单的步聚。

注：把admin模型创在 backend/models下面 （放哪里看个人喜好）代码如下

namespace backendmodels;use Yii;use yiiaseNotSupportedException;use yiiehaviorsTimestampBehavior;use yiidbActiveRecord;use yiiwebIdentityInterface;/** * This is the model class for table "{{%admin}}". * * @property integer $id * @property string $username * @property string $auth_key * @property string $password_hash * @property string $password_reset_token * @property string $email * @property integer $role * @property integer $status * @property integer $created_at * @property integer $updated_at */class AgAdmin extends ActiveRecord implements IdentityInterface{  const STATUS_DELETED = 0;  const STATUS_ACTIVE = 10;  const ROLE_USER = 10;  const AUTH_KEY = "123456";  /**   * @inheritdoc   */  public static function tableName()  {    return "{{%admin}}";  }  /**   * @inheritdoc   */  public function behaviors()  {    return [      TimestampBehavior::className(),    ];  }  /**   * @inheritdoc   */  public function rules()  {    return [      [["username", "email",], "required"],      [["username", "email"], "string", "max" => 255],      [["username"], "unique"],      [["username"], "match", "pattern"=>"/^[a-z]w*$/i"],      [["email"], "unique"],      [["email"], "email"],      ["status", "default", "value" => self::STATUS_ACTIVE],      ["status", "in", "range" => [self::STATUS_ACTIVE, self::STATUS_DELETED]],      ["role", "default", "value" => self::ROLE_USER],      ["auth_key", "default", "value" => self::AUTH_KEY],      ["role", "in", "range" => [self::ROLE_USER]],    ];  }  /**   * @inheritdoc   */  public static function findIdentity($id)  {    return static::findOne(["id" => $id, "status" => self::STATUS_ACTIVE]);  }  /**   * @inheritdoc   */  public static function findIdentityByAccessToken($token, $type = null)  {    return static::findOne(["access_token" => $token]);    //throw new NotSupportedException(""findIdentityByAccessToken" is not implemented.");  }  /**   * Finds user by username   *   * @param string $username   * @return static|null   */  public static function findByUsername($username)  {    return static::findOne(["username" => $username, "status" => self::STATUS_ACTIVE]);  }  /**   * Finds user by password reset token   *   * @param string $token password reset token   * @return static|null   */  public static function findByPasswordResetToken($token)  {    if (!static::isPasswordResetTokenValid($token)) {      return null;    }    return static::findOne([      "password_reset_token" => $token,      "status" => self::STATUS_ACTIVE,    ]);  }  /**   * Finds out if password reset token is valid   *   * @param string $token password reset token   * @return boolean   */  public static function isPasswordResetTokenValid($token)  {    if (empty($token)) {      return false;    }    $expire = Yii::$app->params["user.passwordResetTokenExpire"];    $parts = explode("_", $token);    $timestamp = (int) end($parts);    return $timestamp + $expire >= time();  }  /**   * @inheritdoc   */  public function getId()  {    return $this->getPrimaryKey();  }  /**   * @inheritdoc   */  public function getAuthKey()  {    return $this->auth_key;  }  /**   * @inheritdoc   */  public function validateAuthKey($authKey)  {    return $this->getAuthKey() === $authKey;  }  /**   * Validates password   *   * @param string $password password to validate   * @return boolean if password provided is valid for current user   */  public function validatePassword($password)  {    return Yii::$app->security->validatePassword($password, $this->password_hash);  }  /**   * Generates password hash from password and sets it to the model   *   * @param string $password   */  public function setPassword($password)  {    $this->password_hash = Yii::$app->security->generatePasswordHash($password);  }  /**   * Generates "remember me" authentication key   */  public function generateAuthKey()  {    $this->auth_key = Yii::$app->security->generateRandomString();  }  /**   * Generates new password reset token   */  public function generatePasswordResetToken()  {    $this->password_reset_token = Yii::$app->security->generateRandomString() . "_" . time();  }  /**   * Removes password reset token   */  public function removePasswordResetToken()  {    $this->password_reset_token = null;  }}

三、使用migrate 为后如初使化一个登陆帐号

1、consolecontrollers创建InitController.php

/** * * @author chan <maclechan@qq.com> */namespace consolecontrollers;use backendmodelsAdmin ;class InitController extends yiiconsoleController{  /**   * Create init user   */  public function actionAdmin()  {    echo "创建一个新用户 ...";         // 提示当前操作    $username = $this->prompt("User Name:");    // 接收用户名    $email = $this->prompt("Email:");        // 接收Email    $password = $this->prompt("Password:");     // 接收密码    $model = new AgAdmin();              // 创建一个新用户    $model->username = $username;          // 完成赋值    $model->email = $email;    $model->password = $password;    if (!$model->save())              // 保存新的用户    {      foreach ($model->getErrors() as $error)   // 如果保存失败，说明有错误，那就输出错误信息。      {        foreach ($error as $e)        {          echo "$e";        }      }      return 1;                  // 命令行返回1表示有异常    }    return 0;                    // 返回0表示一切OK  }}

2、使用命令：

在项目根目下，右键选择User composer here(前提是安装了全局的composer)，yii init/admin

到此，打开数据表看下，己经有了数据。

四、后台登陆验证

1、backendcontrollersSiteController.php 里actionLogin方法不用变

2、把commonmodelsLoginForm.php复制到backendmodels只要把LoginForm.php里面的方法getUser()修改一个单词即可，如下

public function getUser(){    if ($this->_user === false) {      $this->_user = Admin::findByUsername($this->username);    }    return $this->_user;}

3、backendconfigmain.php 只要修改

"user" => [  "identityClass" => "backendmodelsAdmin",  "enableAutoLogin" => true,],

此外，在作修改时，请注意下命令空不要搞乱了。

到此，结束。

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